A
Ablation – body part or tissue removed by surgery
Adjuvant – an addition or additive to medical treatments that improve the effectiveness
Adenocarcinoma – cancer that starts in the gland tissue
Adrenal – glands located near the kidney that influences different kinds of hair growth
Adrenalectomy – removal of the adrenal glands by surgery
Alpha-blockers – blood pressure medicine that helps to block the nerve impulses which tighten blood vessels in the body
Androgen – usually refers to testosterone but can include any male hormone
Aneuploid – having an abnormal amount of chromosomes; missing some or having too many
Anterior – the front of something; head of the body, front body plane, front tooth
Anus – opening at the end of the digestive tract located in the anal region
Apex – top most upper point of an object
Aspiration – the act of breathing in air or other chemicals
Asymptomatic – being without symptoms of disease or other illnesses
B
Benign – not being recurrent, progressive, or dangerous to one’s health
Bicalutamide – oral medications that block actions of the androgens
Bilateral – two parts or two sides of an object
Bladder – muscular organ located on the pelvic floor that collects and holds urine
Bowel Preparation – cleaning out the colon of fecal matter; done in preparation to bowel assessments
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia – typically found in older men and often referred to as BPH; this is a condition where the prostate becomes enlarged
Brachytherapy – placing radioactive items in the prostate for treatment purposes; typically these are tiny radioactive seeds and has been referred to as “seed implantation”
C
Cancer – cells start displaying uncontrolled growth or cell division that causes malignant growth on or inside the body and/or tumors
Carcinoma – type of cancer that is displayed by having malignant tumors or growths from epithelial tissue in the body
Castration – removal of testes or ovaries to help stop hormone discharge in the body
Catheter – small, very flexible tube to help distribute fluids into or out of the body
Chemotherapy – using anti-cancer drugs to treat or control disease
Corpora Cavernosa – the two columns in the penis that run from the top to the bottom of the organ and fill with blood upon sexual excitement allowing the organ to ready itself for intercourse
Corpora Spongiosum – spongy tissue found within the Corpora Cavernosa
Cystoscope – small tube medical instrument used for examining the bladder or ureter
D
Diethylstilbestrol – oral drug used in medicine that contains synthetic non-steroidal estrogen
Diploid – a cell that has the normal amount of chromosomes or DNA
DNA – two stranded chain located in the nucleus of each cell
Dysuria – when it hurts to urinate due to inflammation, infection, or other medical condition
E
Estrogen – female hormones that affect the estrous cycle and are responsible for different sexual characteristics
External Beam – type of radiation therapy typically used to treat advanced cancers
F
Flutamide – oral anti-androgen drug used in combination with hormonal therapy
G
Gastrointestinal – alimentary canal or digestive tract
Gland – multiple organs in the body that excrete substances
Goserelin Acetate – gonadotropin releasing hormone super-agonist that is injectable; used in hormonal treatments
Gynecomastia – mammary glands in males grow abnormally large causing the development of breasts
H
Hematospermia – seminal fluid having a presence of blood
Hereditary – inherited traits, disorders, genes, and other things; family members share the same heredity and ancestors
Hormone – a multitude of different chemicals produced within the body and then released in the bloodstream
Hot Flash – changes in hormone levels that cause sensations of heat typically making the person flushed, causing blood pressure to rise, and sweating to occur
Hyperplasia – increase in the growth of cells
I
Immune System – the body’s protection against disease and illness; a collection of organs and cells in the body designed to ward off infection
Impotence – typically referred to as erectile dysfunction; inability to make the penis erect or copulate
Incontinence – loss of control with the bowel or bladder
Inflammation – swelling of an organ or body tissue in response to trauma or illness
Interstitial – the tissue, space, or fluid that surrounds cells
IVP – intravenous pyelography; dye is injected providing a contrast and then x-ray photos are taken
J – none
K - none
L
Laparoscopy – surgery where a small incision is made for medical professionals to insert a scope equipped with a light and camera
Latent – something that is not existing or active; inactive; or concealed
Libido – the desire or urge to have sex; sex drive
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone – hormone released by the brain that arouses the manufacturing of sex hormones in both men and women
Lymph – body fluid that is clear and watery consisting of primarily white blood cells
M
Malignancy – life-threatening; harmful to the body; dangerous to ones health; becoming increasingly worse
Malignant – cancerous; a tumor or growth that has invaded the body and destroyed tissue; uncontrollable and harmful
Metastasis – when a disease spreads from one part of the body to another
MRI – magnetic resonance imaging; test performed using magnetic forces to get images of different body parts
N
Neoplasia – a new growth or formation that results in a tumor
Nerve Sparing – when a surgeon tries to keep or save nerves affecting sexual function
Nilutamide – anti-androgen medication for the treatment of prostate cancer which helps to block male hormone effects in the body
Nocturia – getting up often during the night to use the restroom; frequent urination
Noninvasive – medical procedure that involves no penetration of the body or skin
O
Oncologist – doctor devoted to the treatment and study of cancer and tumors
Orchiectomy – surgery to remove testes
P
Palliative – temporary relief from discomfort or pain without curing the illness or disease
Palpable – being able to feel by touching, not needing a medical instrument to feel under the skin; growth is large enough to be felt
Pathologist – doctor devoted to medical diagnosis; specialist who studies the disease process, development, and end result
Pelvis – large bone between the hips located in the lowest part of the abdomen that supports the legs
Penis – male genitals; male reproductive organ
Perineum – area between the genital organ and anus consisting of muscles and tissue
Posterior – rear; the back part of a person or object
Prostate – male reproductive system gland that makes the fluid mixed with sperm that forms semen
Prostatectomy – surgery specifically for the removal of the prostate gland
Prostatitis – inflammation of the prostate gland associated with pain or discomfort
Q - none
R
Radioisotope – radioactive material that is injected in the body for medical scans or treatments
Rectum – area where your colon ends that is attached to the large bowel; waste is stored here before exiting the body cavity
Regression – lessening of symptoms without the disappearance of disease or illness
Remission – the disappearance of an illness or disease; partial disappearance of an illness or disease
Resectoscope – endoscopic surgery instrument used to destroy and remove tissue
Retropubic – area behind the pubic bone
S
Salvage – save something from being destroyed or ruined
Scrotum – sack of external skin that holds the testes located under the penis
Semen – the fluid and sperm mixture that is ejaculated through the penis during sexual arousal
Stent – a material used by medical professionals that hold blood vessels or other body parts open, usually a tube made of plastic or metal
Strontium-89 – a treatment for bone pain; radioactive compound
T
Testis – individual male sex gland; the singular of testes
Testosterone – sex hormone produced in the testicles that is responsible for some masculine traits
Tumor – lesion, mass, or abnormal cell growth collected together
U
Ultrasound – measurement or identification of body parts and structures by using high frequency sound waves
Ureter – tube that runs from the renal pelvis to the bladder and carries urine from the kidneys
Urethra – area where urine and/or semen pass through to be discharged
Urologist – a doctor that specializes in human urinary tracts and male reproductive systems
V
Vas Deferens – small tube that transports sperm from each testicle to the urethra
Vasectomy – surgery to remove the male sperm ducts
Vesicle – sac filled with gas or liquid
W - none
X - none
Y - none
Z - none
Other Locations